<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emily M Bonner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gavin P Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denise L Smith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kerber, Steve</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenneth W Fent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lane G Tidwell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard P Scott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaley A Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim A Anderson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silicone passive sampling used to identify novel dermal chemical exposures of firefighters and assess PPE innovations.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Hyg Environ Health</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Hyg Environ Health</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants, Occupational</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Firefighters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Occupational Exposure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Personal Protective Equipment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pilot Projects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silicones</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114095</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;A plethora of chemicals are released into the air during combustion events, including a class of compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs have been implicated in increased risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease, both of which are disease endpoints of concern in structural firefighters. Current commercially available personal protective equipment (PPE) typically worn by structural firefighters during fire responses have gaps in interfaces between the ensemble elements (e.g., hood and jacket) that allow for ingress of contaminants and dermal exposure. This pilot study aims to use silicone passive sampling to assess improvements in dermal protection afforded by a novel configuration of PPE, which incorporates a one-piece liner to eliminate gaps in two critical interfaces between pieces of gear. The study compared protection against parent and alkylated PAHs between the one-piece liner PPE and the standard configuration of PPE with traditional firefighting jacket and pants. Mannequins (n&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;16) dressed in the PPE ensembles were placed in a Fireground Exposure Simulator for 10&amp;nbsp;min, and exposed to smoke from a combusting couch. Silicone passive samplers were placed underneath PPE at vulnerable locations near interfaces in standard PPE, and in the chamber air, to measure PAHs and calculate the dermal protection provided by both types of PPE. Silicone passive sampling methodology and analyses using gas chromatography with mass-spectrometry proved to be well-suited for this intervention study, allowing for the calculation and comparison of worker protection factors for 51 detected PAHs. Paired comparisons of the two PPE configurations found greater sum 2-3 ring PAH exposure underneath the standard PPE than the intervention PPE at the neck and chest, and at the chest for 4-7 ring PAHs (respective p-values: 0.00113, 0.0145, and 0.0196). Mean worker protection factors of the intervention PPE were also greater than the standard PPE for 98% of PAHs at the neck and chest. Notably, the intervention PPE showed more than 30 times the protection compared to the standard PPE against two highly carcinogenic PAHs, dibenzo[a,l]pyrene and benzo[c]fluorene. Nine of the detected PAHs in this study have not been previously reported in fireground exposure studies, and 26 other chemicals (not PAHs) were detected using a large chemical screening method on a subset of the silicone samplers. Silicone passive sampling appears to be an effective means for measuring dermal exposure reduction to fireground smoke, providing evidence in this study that reducing gaps in PPE interfaces could be further pursued as an intervention to reduce dermal exposure to PAHs, among other chemicals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samantha Samon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana Rohlman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lane G Tidwell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter D Hoffman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abiodun O Oluyomi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim A Anderson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Associating Increased Chemical Exposure to Hurricane Harvey in a Longitudinal Panel Using Silicone Wristbands.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Environ Res Public Health</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Environ Res Public Health</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclonic Storms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Floods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silicones</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022 05 30</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Hurricane Harvey was associated with flood-related damage to chemical plants and oil refineries, and the flooding of hazardous waste sites, including 13 Superfund sites. As clean-up efforts began, concerns were raised regarding the human health impact of possible increased chemical exposure resulting from the hurricane and subsequent flooding. Personal sampling devices in the form of silicone wristbands were deployed to a longitudinal panel of individuals = 99) within 45 days of the hurricane and again one year later in the Houston metropolitan area. Using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, each wristband was screened for 1500 chemicals and analyzed for 63 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Chemical exposure levels found on the wristbands were generally higher post-Hurricane Harvey. In the 1500 screen, 188 chemicals were detected, 29 were detected in at least 30% of the study population, and of those, 79% ( = 23) were found in significantly higher concentrations ( &amp;lt; 0.05) post-Hurricane Harvey. Similarly, in PAH analysis, 51 chemicals were detected, 31 were detected in at least 30% of the study population, and 39% ( = 12) were found at statistically higher concentrations ( &amp;lt; 0.05) post-Hurricane Harvey. This study indicates that there were increased levels of chemical exposure after Hurricane Harvey in the Houston metropolitan area.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen Mullen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Briana N Rivera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lane G Tidwell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renata Ivanek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim A Anderson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dorothy Ainsworth</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental surveillance and adverse neonatal health outcomes in foals born near unconventional natural gas development activity.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sci Total Environ</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sci. Total Environ.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals, Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant, Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural Gas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome Assessment, Health Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennsylvania</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020 Aug 20</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">731</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">138497</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Studies of neonatal health risks of unconventional natural gas development (UNGD) have not included comprehensive assessments of environmental chemical exposures. We investigated a clustering of dysphagic cases in neonatal foals born between 2014 and 2016 in an area of active UNGD in Pennsylvania (PA),USA. We evaluated equine biological data and environmental exposures on the affected PA farm and an unaffected New York (NY) farm owned by the same proprietor. Dams either spent their entire gestation on one farm or moved to the other farm in late gestation. Over the 21-month study period, physical examinations and blood/tissue samples were obtained from mares and foals on each farm. Grab samples of water, pasture soil and feed were collected; continuous passive sampling of air and water for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was performed. Dysphagia was evaluated as a binary variable; logistic regression was used to identify risk factors. Sixty-five foals were born, 17 (all from PA farm) were dysphagic. Odds of dysphagia increased with the dam residing on the PA farm for each additional month of gestation (OR&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;1.4, 95% CI 1.2, 1.7, p&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;6.0E-04). Males were more likely to be born dysphagic (OR&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;5.5, 95% CI 1.2, 24.5, p&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;0.03) than females. Prior to installation of a water filtration/treatment system, PA water concentrations of 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene (p&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;6.0E-03), fluoranthene (p&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;0.03), pyrene (p&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;0.02) and triphenylene (p&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;0.01) exceeded those in NY water. Compared to NY farm water, no concentrations of PAHs were higher in PA following installation of the water filtration/treatment system. We provide evidence of an uncommon adverse health outcome (dysphagia) in foals born near UNGD that was eliminated in subsequent years (2017-2019) following environmental management changes. Notably, this study demonstrates that domestic large animals such as horses can serve as important sentinels for human health risks associated with UNGD activities.&lt;/p&gt;
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