<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McLarnan, Sarah M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisa M Bramer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holly Dixon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard P Scott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehyla Calero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darrell Holmes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibson, Elizabeth A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalier, Haleigh M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana Rohlman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Rachel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurel D Kincl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrina M Waters</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim A Anderson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julie Herbstman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predicting personal PAH exposure using high dimensional questionnaire and wristband data.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024 Jan 05</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/strong&gt;Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of pervasive environmental pollutants with a variety of known health effects. While significant work has been completed to estimate personal exposure to PAHs, less has been done to identify sources of these exposures. Comprehensive characterization of reported sources of personal PAH exposure is a critical step to more easily identify individuals at risk of high levels of exposure and for developing targeted interventions based on source of exposure.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OBJECTIVE: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, we leverage data from a New York (NY)-based birth cohort to identify personal characteristics or behaviors associated with personal PAH exposure and develop models for the prediction of PAH exposure.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;METHODS: &lt;/strong&gt;We quantified 61 PAHs measured using silicone wristband samplers in association with 75 questionnaire variables from 177 pregnant individuals. We evaluated univariate associations between each compound and questionnaire variable, conducted regression tree analysis for each PAH compound and completed a principal component analysis of for each participant&#039;s entire PAH exposure profile to determine the predictors of PAH levels.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/strong&gt;Regression tree analyses of individual compounds and exposure mixture identified income, time spent outdoors, maternal age, country of birth, transportation type, and season as the variables most frequently predictive of exposure.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holly Dixon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisa M Bramer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard P Scott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehyla Calero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darrell Holmes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibson, Elizabeth A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalier, Haleigh M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana Rohlman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Rachel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonia M Calafat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurel D Kincl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrina M Waters</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julie Herbstman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim A Anderson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluating predictive relationships between wristbands and urine for assessment of personal PAH exposure.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environ Int</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environ Int</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022 Apr 04</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">163</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107226</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;During events like the COVID-19 pandemic or a disaster, researchers may need to switch from collecting biological samples to personal exposure samplers that are easy and safe to transport and wear, such as silicone wristbands. Previous studies have demonstrated significant correlations between urine biomarker concentrations and chemical levels in wristbands. We build upon those studies and use a novel combination of descriptive statistics and supervised statistical learning to evaluate the relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in silicone wristbands and hydroxy-PAH (OH-PAH) concentrations in urine. In New York City, 109 participants in a longitudinal birth cohort wore one wristband for 48&amp;nbsp;h and provided a spot urine sample at the end of the 48-hour period during their third trimester of pregnancy. We compared four PAHs with the corresponding seven OH-PAHs using descriptive statistics, a linear regression model, and a linear discriminant analysis model. Five of the seven PAH and OH-PAH pairs had significant correlations (Pearson&#039;s r&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;0.35-0.64, p&amp;nbsp;≤&amp;nbsp;0.003) and significant chi-square tests of independence for exposure categories (p&amp;nbsp;≤&amp;nbsp;0.009). For these five comparisons, the observed PAH or OH-PAH concentration could predict the other concentration within a factor of 1.47 for 50-80% of the measurements (depending on the pair). Prediction accuracies for high exposure categories were at least 1.5 times higher compared to accuracies based on random chance. These results demonstrate that wristbands and urine provide similar PAH exposure assessment information, which is critical for environmental health researchers looking for the flexibility to switch between biological sample and wristband collection.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibson, Elizabeth A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather M Stapleton</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehyla Calero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darrell Holmes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burke, Kimberly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martinez, Rodney</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cortes, Boris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nematollahi, Amy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim A Anderson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julie Herbstman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Differential exposure to organophosphate flame retardants in mother-child pairs.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Exposure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flame Retardants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mothers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organophosphates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">219</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">567-573</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/strong&gt;Humans are ubiquitously exposed to flame retardants, including organophosphate esters (OPEs), through direct contact with consumer products or exposure through household dust. Children are at increased risk because of their proximity to dust, hand-to-mouth activity, and the importance of childhood as a critical period in neurodevelopment.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/strong&gt;To quantify differences in exposure levels between mothers and children (three to six years of age), we analyzed urinary metabolites of OPEs. We additionally assessed the ability of silicone wristbands (measuring ambient exposure) to predict urinary metabolite concentrations.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;METHODS: &lt;/strong&gt;We selected 32 mother and child dyads from an existing cohort. Participants provided baseline urine samples and wore wristbands for one week. After the first week, they returned their wristbands and provided a second urine sample. During the second week, participants wore a second wristband that they returned at the end of week two with a third and final urine sample.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/strong&gt;We found significantly higher levels of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) (p &amp;lt; 0.001) and lower levels of bis(1-chloro-2-isopropyl) 1-hydroxy-2-propyl phosphate (BCIPHIPP) (p &amp;lt; 0.001) in children&#039;s urine samples compared to mothers&#039; samples at baseline. We found that triphenylphosphate (TPHP), tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) measured in wristbands predicted their respective metabolite levels in urine.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/strong&gt;Children had higher levels than mothers for two of six flame retardant metabolites measured in urine. Generally, wristband measurements positively predicted internal dose. As little is known about the health effects of OPEs on child development, future research is needed to determine the impact of differential exposure.&lt;/p&gt;
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