%0 Audiovisual Material %D 2014 %T Passive Sampling Devices Enable Capacity Building and Characterization of Bioavailable Mixtures along the Niger, Senegal and Bani Rivers of Africa %A Kim A Anderson %A Seck, Dogo %A Kevin A Hobbie %A Traore, AN %A McCartney, Melissa A %A Ndaye, A %A Norman D Forsberg %A Gregory J Sower %B Society of Toxicology 53rd Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ %8 03/2014 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2014 %T Unregulated PAHs in crayfish and passive sampling devices: Increased cancer risk estimates? %A LB Paulik %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B OSU Dept. of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Research Day, Corvallis, OR %8 01/2014 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Characterization of the relationship between concentrations of previously unregulated PAHs in aquatic organisms and lipid-free tubing passive sampling devices %A LB Paulik %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B FSES External Advisory Council Meeting, Corvallis, OR %8 06/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Characterization of the relationship between concentrations of previously unregulated PAHs in aquatic organisms and lipid-free tubing passive sampling devices %A LB Paulik %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, Corvallis, OR %8 09/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Unregulated PAHs in crayfish and passive sampling devices: Increased cancer risk estimates? %A LB Paulik %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry-North America 34th Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN %8 11/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2012 %T Evaluating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure from traditional Native American food smoking practices %A Cardenas, Andres %A Harding, Anna %A Stuart Harris %A Staci M Simonich %A Kim A Anderson %A Harper, Barbara %A Stone, Dave %A Jai, Y %A Motorkyn, O %A Sandra Uesugi %A Norman D Forsberg %A Sudakin, Dan %B National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Core Centers Meeting, Boston, MA %8 2012 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2012 %T Legacy pollutant levels in crayfish compared to passive sampling devices: Determination of correlations and development of bioaccumulation models %A Norman D Forsberg %A Gregory J Sower %A Brian W Smith %A Kim A Anderson %X

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic compounds that continue to drive risk management efforts. In order to characterize exposure pathways and assess human health risks associated with consumption of contaminated resident fish, regulatory agencies conventionally analyze homogenized fish tissue samples for PAHs and PCBs. However, obtaining fish for analysis is challenging, the analysis is destructive, and the analysis offers limited spatial and temporal information due in part to biological and physiological variability. For these reasons, an alternative tool capable of accurately predicting fish tissue contaminant levels would be useful to regulatory agencies and risk managers.

Passive sampling devices (PSDs) sample the bioavailable fraction of chemicals, are readily available in large numbers, provide a non-destructive sampling method, yield simpler chemicals analyses, and are capable of identifying spatial and temporal contamination patterns. We hypothesize that PSDs are capable of providing site-independent predictions of chemical load in aquatic tissues with useful accuracy. To test this, PSDs were deployed in the water column at 8 different sites within and outside of the Portland Harbor Superfund Megasite for 24 days. Simultaneously, nearly 100 resident crayfish were collected. Sites selected for PSD and crayfish sampling represented a wide range of PAH and PCB concentrations. PSDs and crayfish were then analyzed for 16 priority pollutant PAHs and 32 dioxin and non-dioxin like PCB congeners using a novel analytical method. Presented results will include regression analyses on total contaminant loads (ΣPAH + PCBs), chemical class specific loads (ΣPAHs, ΣPCBs), and individual contaminant of concern loads. Additionally, we will determine PSD-crayfish specific bioaccumulation factors (BAFPSD-CF) for a wide suite of contaminants of concern. PAH and PCB PSD loads will subsequently be used as surrogates for crayfish and used to generate human health risk estimates. Estimates will then be compared to risk results reported in the Portland Harbor Public health assessment for consumption of impacted resident crayfish. Results from this study will help identify novel PSD applications that could provide useful information to regulators and risk managers.

%B SETAC North American 33rd Annual National Conference %8 11/2012 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2012 %T Preserving the Environment and Toxicity Linkage by Combining Passive Sampling Technologies with Environmental Stressors to Identify Unknown Toxicants %A Norman D Forsberg %A Steven G O'Connell %A Kim A Anderson %X

Regulatory agencies are required to mitigate human and ecological exposure to toxic chemicals of concern. In order to meet this demand, chemical drivers of toxicity and accurate exposure pathways must be identified. Though mixtures are complex systems, it has been postulated that the bioavailable fraction of mixtures is linked to toxicity. Applying additional stressors to chemical mixtures will likely transform the composition of the bioavailable fraction and induce differential toxicological responses. In order to more accurately characterize exposure, regulatory agencies need experimental approaches that can determine the effect of natural/remediation processes on the bioavailable fraction of chemical mixtures and mixture toxicity.

Passive sampling devices (PSDs) readily sequester the bioavailable fraction of environmentally relevant mixtures, which includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We hypothesized that perturbations of PSD extracts via UV light exposure could reduce concentrations of PAHs and simultaneously increase concentrations of currently unmonitored oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs). PSD samples collected from the Portland Harbor Superfund Megasite and the waters of the Gulf of Mexico following the Deepwater Horizon oil disaster were exposed to UV light (λ = 313 nm) for 30 minutes at an irradiance roughly 30-40 times greater than a single sunny day in Northern US cities. Along with PSD samples, 1 ppm standard mixtures of 16 EPA priority pollutant PAHs were also exposed. PAHs and 22 oxy-PAHs were quantified in pre- and post-UV exposed samples using a recently expanded and validated GC-MS analytical method. It was found that the concentration of nearly half of the monitored PAHs were significantly reduced in standard mixtures following UV exposure, while levels of 9,10-anthraquinone and 7,12-benz[a]anthracenequinone were increased by roughly an order of magnitude relative to controls. Similar results were observed in environmentally relevant PSD samples. Combining PSD technology with other environmental stressors could provide a powerful approach for identifying emerging chemicals of concern, accurate exposure pathways, and chemical drivers of toxicity.

%B SETAC North America 33rd Annual National Conference %8 11/2012 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2012 %T Two Applications of an Innovative Air Sampling Technology to Address Community-based Environmental Exposures to Legacy and Emerging PAHs %A Lane G Tidwell %A Glenn R Wilson %A Norman D Forsberg %A Jamie Donatuto %A Stuart Harris %A Kim A Anderson %X

Although communities often want and need chemical monitoring data to characterize chemicals in their environment or from their activities, air monitoring equipment is often cost prohibitive or technically impractical. We are further developing air monitoring bio-analytical tools that employ our passive sampling device (PSD). PSDs require no external power, require minimal training for quality controlled sampling, and can be quickly and inexpensively deployed. PSDs are capable of providing qualitative and quantitative characterization of exposure to the bioavailable vapor phase fraction of legacy and emerging contaminants in the atmosphere. We demonstrate our PSD’s utility in two different scenarios; at the interface of community tribal lands and high intensity industrial activities, and in Native American fish smoking activities.  Legacy and emerging PAHs were characterized for both scenarios.

Communities adjacent to highly industrialized lands often want to understand the contribution of contaminants of concern from industrial activities to their ambient activities.  The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community (SITC) offered their lands to further test our developing air PSD technology and to address these kinds of questions.  PSD were deployed at SITC, which borders a petroleum facility, for a yearlong study, from these PSD samples legacy and emerging PAHs were identified and quantified.  The results indicate spatial and temporal trends that were related to the activities of the tribal community and the petroleum facility. 

While PSDs have been demonstrated as a surrogate of fish for aquatic environment assessment, atmospheric PSDs have not been previously used as a surrogate of food for preparation technique assessment.  Community-based requests often include understanding the effects of special food preparations that are culturally important.  The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) requested an assessment of their fish smoking methods.  As part of a larger study, we deployed air PSDs during the CTUIR smoking events to further evaluate the utility of using our PSD as a surrogate of smoke-processed fish.  In a side-by-side study the PSDs were paired with salmon during smoking.  PAHs were quantified from the air PSD and compared with the smoked salmon.  The results show excellent promise for an alternative method for assessing food smoking preparation techniques.

%B SETAC 33rd North American Annual Meeting %8 11/2012 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2011 %T Development of modified QuEChERS extraction methods for the analysis of PAHs in high fat content fish and smoked salmon %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B SETAC North America 32nd Annual Conference %8 11/2011 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2011 %T Development of modified QuEChERS extraction methods for the analysis of PAHs in high fat content fish and smoked salmon %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B Superfund External Advisory Council Meeting %8 2011 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2011 %T Metabolic stability and pharmacokinetic studies suggest that the DAP biomarkers may lead to overestimates of organophosphate pesticide exposure %A Norman D Forsberg %A Rodriguez-Proteau, R %A Ma, L %A Morré, J %A Christensen, J M %A Maier, C S %A Jeffrey J Jenkins %A Kim A Anderson %B ASMS %8 2011 %G eng