%0 Journal Article %J Arch Environ Occup Health %D 2023 %T Chemical contaminant exposures assessed using silicone wristbands among fuel station attendants, taxi drivers and commercial motorcycle riders in Kampala, Uganda. %A Atusingwize, Edwinah %A Diana Rohlman %A Peter D Hoffman %A Wafula, Solomon Tsebeni %A Musoke, David %A Buregyeya, Esther %A Mugambe, Richard K %A Ndejjo, Rawlance %A Ssempebwa, John C %A Kim A Anderson %X

There are concerns over traffic-related air pollution in Uganda's capital, Kampala. Individuals in the transportation sector are hypothesized to be at greater risk for exposure to volatile organic compounds, given their proximity to vehicle exhaust. Silicone wristbands are a wearable technology that passively sample individuals' chemical exposures. We conducted a pilot cross sectional study to measure personal exposures to volatile organic compounds among 14 transportation workers who wore a wristband for five days. We analyzed for 75 volatile organic compounds; 33 chemicals (35%) were detected and quantified in at least 50% of the samples and 15 (16%) chemicals were detected and quantified across all the samples. Specific chemicals were associated with participants' occupation. The findings can guide future large studies to inform policy and practice to reduce exposure to chemicals in the environment in Kampala.

%B Arch Environ Occup Health %P 1-11 %8 2023 Nov 02 %G eng %R 10.1080/19338244.2023.2275144 %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2023 %T Comparative Hazard Potential of Environmentally Relevant Alkylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons %A M. L. Morshead %A Truong, Lisa %A Simonich, Michael T %A J. Scotten %A Kim A Anderson %A Robyn L Tanguay %B Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting in Nashville, TN %8 03/2023 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J J Occup Environ Med %D 2023 %T Comparing Longitudinal Measures of Cholinesterase as Biomarkers for Insecticide Exposure Among Latinx Children in Rural Farmworker and Urban Non-Farmworker Communities in North Carolina. %A Sara A Quandt %A Smith, Sydney A %A Thomas A Arcury %A Haiying Chen %A Kirstin Hester %A Carey N Pope %A Kim A Anderson %A Paul J Laurienti %X

OBJECTIVE: In a two-group prospective design, this study compares seasonal cholinesterase levels of Latinx children in rural farmworker families and comparable urban children, to assess the impact of environmental exposure to cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides.

METHODS: Quarterly blood samples and passive dosimeter wristbands were collected over 2 years in 8 year old children (74 rural, 62 urban). Laboratory analysis assessed total cholinesterase (total ChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) from blood samples, and insecticides from wristbands.

RESULTS: In spring and summer, total ChE and AChE levels were depressed in rural children compared to winter and fall. BChE was depressed in rural children in fall, compared to spring and summer. Adjustment for insecticide exposure did not affect these associations.

CONCLUSIONS: Environmental exposures to cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides have measurable biochemical effects on blood cholinesterases in rural children from farmworker families.

%B J Occup Environ Med %8 2023 Sep 06 %G eng %R 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002965 %0 Book Section %B The sixth Oregon Climate Assessment %D 2023 %T Composition of Wildfire Smoke and Health Risks %A Diana Rohlman %A Attridge, Samuel %A Kelly E O'Malley %A Kim A Anderson %B The sixth Oregon Climate Assessment %V 6 %P 192-206 %G eng %U https://oregonstate.app.box.com/s/flkcz3xp7vgf4groe0jbitdjkbi8sizl %0 Journal Article %J Sci Total Environ %D 2023 %T Concurrent assessment of diffusive and advective PAH movement strongly affected by temporal and spatial changes. %A Christine C Ghetu %A Ian L Moran %A Richard P Scott %A Lane G Tidwell %A Peter D Hoffman %A Kim A Anderson %X

Chemical movement influences exposure, remediation and interventions. Understanding chemical movement in addition to chemical concentrations at contaminated sites is critical to informed decision making. Using seepage meters and passive sampling devices we assessed both diffusive and advective flux of bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at three time points, across two seasons, at a former creosote site in St. Helens, Oregon, United States. To our knowledge, this is the first time both diffusive and advective fluxes have been measured simultaneously at a contaminated site. Concentrations of 39 parent PAHs were determined by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Across both seasons and all sites, diffusive flux of PAHs was up to three orders of magnitude larger than advective flux. Release of PAHs from sediments and water were identified, likely from legacy contamination, as well as deposition from the air into the site from contemporary and other sources. The majority of PAH movement was comprised of three and four ring PAHs. Chemical movement on the site was found to be spatially and temporally variable. Volatilization decreased and atmospheric deposition increased from summer to fall. At the locations with higher levels of contamination, sum PAH release from sediments decreased by more than two orders of magnitude from summer to late fall. These data reflect the spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of this site and demonstrate the importance of seasonality in assessing chemical movement at contaminated sites. Results from this study can inform future legacy site assessments to optimize remediation strategies and assess remediation effectiveness.

%B Sci Total Environ %P 168765 %8 2023 Nov 20 %G eng %R 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168765 %0 Journal Article %J J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol %D 2022 %T Chemical exposures assessed via silicone wristbands and endogenous plasma metabolomics during pregnancy. %A Brett T Doherty %A McRitchie, Susan L %A Pathmasiri, Wimal W %A Stewart, Delisha A %A Kirchner, David %A Kim A Anderson %A Gui, Jiang %A Madan, Juliette C %A Hoen, Anne G %A Sumner, Susan J %A Margaret R Karagas %A Megan E Romano %K Cohort Studies %K Female %K Humans %K Metabolome %K Metabolomics %K Pregnancy %K Prospective Studies %K Silicones %X

BACKGROUND: Metabolomics is a promising method to investigate physiological effects of chemical exposures during pregnancy, with the potential to clarify toxicological mechanisms, suggest sensitive endpoints, and identify novel biomarkers of exposures.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the influence of chemical exposures on the maternal plasma metabolome during pregnancy.

METHODS: Data were obtained from participants (n = 177) in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, a prospective pregnancy cohort. Chemical exposures were assessed via silicone wristbands worn for one week at ~13 gestational weeks. Metabolomic features were assessed in plasma samples obtained at ~24-28 gestational weeks via the Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ® p180 kit and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Associations between chemical exposures and plasma metabolomics were investigated using multivariate modeling.

RESULTS: Chemical exposures predicted 11 (of 226) and 23 (of 125) metabolomic features in Biocrates and NMR, respectively. The joint chemical exposures did not significantly predict pathway enrichment, though some individual chemicals were associated with certain amino acids and related metabolic pathways. For example, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide was associated with the amino acids glycine, L-glutamic acid, L-asparagine, and L-aspartic acid and enrichment of the ammonia recycling pathway.

SIGNIFICANCE: This study contributes evidence to the potential effects of chemical exposures during pregnancy upon the endogenous maternal plasma metabolome.

%B J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol %V 32 %P 259-267 %8 2022 Mar %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1038/s41370-021-00394-6 %0 Journal Article %J Int J Environ Res Public Health %D 2022 %T A Comparative Multi-System Approach to Characterizing Bioactivity of Commonly Occurring Chemicals. %A Rivera, Brianna N %A Lindsay B Wilson %A Kim, Doo Nam %A Pande, Paritosh %A Kim A Anderson %A Robyn L Tanguay %K Animals %K Flame Retardants %K Organic Chemicals %K Pesticides %K Retrospective Studies %K Zebrafish %X

A 2019 retrospective study analyzed wristband personal samplers from fourteen different communities across three different continents for over 1530 organic chemicals. Investigators identified fourteen chemicals (G14) detected in over 50% of personal samplers. The G14 represent a group of chemicals that individuals are commonly exposed to, and are mainly associated with consumer products including plasticizers, fragrances, flame retardants, and pesticides. The high frequency of exposure to these chemicals raises questions of their potential adverse human health effects. Additionally, the possibility of exposure to mixtures of these chemicals is likely due to their co-occurrence; thus, the potential for mixtures to induce differential bioactivity warrants further investigation. This study describes a novel approach to broadly evaluate the hazards of personal chemical exposures by coupling data from personal sampling devices with high-throughput bioactivity screenings using in vitro and non-mammalian in vivo models. To account for species and sensitivity differences, screening was conducted using primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and early life-stage zebrafish. Mixtures of the G14 and most potent G14 chemicals were created to assess potential mixture effects. Chemical bioactivity was dependent on the model system, with five and eleven chemicals deemed bioactive in NHBE and zebrafish, respectively, supporting the use of a multi-system approach for bioactivity testing and highlighting sensitivity differences between the models. In both NHBE and zebrafish, mixture effects were observed when screening mixtures of the most potent chemicals. Observations of BMC-based mixtures in NHBE (NHBE BMC Mix) and zebrafish (ZF BMC Mix) suggested antagonistic effects. In this study, consumer product-related chemicals were prioritized for bioactivity screening using personal exposure data. High-throughput high-content screening was utilized to assess the chemical bioactivity and mixture effects of the most potent chemicals.

%B Int J Environ Res Public Health %V 19 %8 2022 03 23 %G eng %N 7 %R 10.3390/ijerph19073829 %0 Journal Article %J Neurotoxicol Teratol %D 2022 %T Comparing impact of pesticide exposure on cognitive abilities of Latinx children from rural farmworker and urban non-farmworker families in North Carolina. %A Dobbins, Dorothy L %A Haiying Chen %A Milton J. Cepeda %A Berenson, Lesley %A Jennifer W Talton %A Kim A Anderson %A Jonathan H Burdette %A Sara A Quandt %A Thomas A Arcury %A Paul J Laurienti %K Agriculture %K Child %K Child, Preschool %K Cognition %K Environmental Exposure %K Farmers %K Female %K Humans %K North Carolina %K Occupational Exposure %K Pesticides %K Pregnancy %X

Pesticide exposure remains a health hazard despite extensive study into adverse effects. Children in vulnerable populations, such as Latinx children in farmworker families, are particularly at risk for exposure. Several studies have demonstrated the detrimental cognitive effects of prenatal exposure to pesticides, particularly organophosphates (OPs) within this high-risk group. However, results from studies investigating the cognitive effects of early childhood pesticide exposure are equivocal. Most studies examining the effects of pesticide exposure have used correlative analyses rather than examining populations with expected high and low exposure. The current study compares 8-year-old children from rural families of farmworkers and urban, non-farmworker families. We used the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fifth Edition (WISC-V) to assess cognitive performance in these children. We designed this study with the expectation that children from farmworker families would have greater exposure to agricultural pesticides than urban, non-farmworker children. This assumption of exposure to agricultural pesticides was confirmed in a recent report that assessed exposure probabilities using life history calendars. However, data from passive wristband sampling of acute (1-week) pesticide exposure from these same children indicate that both study populations have considerable pesticide exposure but to different chemicals. As expected the children of farmworkers had greater OP exposure than non-farmworker children, but the non-farmworker children had greater exposure to two other classes of insecticides (organochlorines [OCs] and pyrethroids). Our analyses considered these findings. A comparison of the cognitive scores between groups revealed that children from farmworker families had slightly higher performance on the Visual-Spatial Index (VSI) and Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) when compared to children from non-farmworker families. Regression analyses where pesticide exposure was included as covariates revealed that OC exposure accounted for the largest portion of the group differences for both VSI and VCI. However, a post-hoc moderation analysis did not find significant interactions. The main study outcome was that the non-farmworker children exhibited lower WISC-V scores than the children from farmworker families, and the analyses incorporating pesticide exposure measures raise the hypothesis the that pervasive and persistent nature of a variety of pesticides may have adverse effects on the neurodevelopment of young Latinx children whether living in rural or non-farmworker environments.

%B Neurotoxicol Teratol %V 92 %P 107106 %8 2022 Jul-Aug %G eng %R 10.1016/j.ntt.2022.107106 %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2022 %T Comparing Structural Firefighters On and Off Duty Exposure to Xylenes %A Zachary W. Kowash %A Emily M Bonner %A Carolyn M Poutasse %A Walker S Carlos Poston %A Sara A Jahnke %A Christopher K Haddock %A Lane G Tidwell %A Peter D Hoffman %A Kim A Anderson %X
a group of three isomeric volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) can come from many sources, from
petroleum and combustion, to cleaning agents and
plastics1. Chronic and acute exposure to xylenes through
multiple exposure routes has been linked to an assortment
of adverse health effects2,3,4,5,6,7,8. With a high number of
VOCs being released from structural fires, firefighters
could potentially face an occupational risk in responding to
fires due to potential acute and chronic exposure effects9.
Characterizing xylenes exposure in structural firefighters
can provide a greater understanding into the
occupational risk that xylenes pose to those who could be
exposed at a higher frequency.
%B College of Agriculture Career Fair & Student Showcase %8 10/2022 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2022 %T Considerations for Scientists and Firefighters when Selecting a Sample Type %A Emily M Bonner %A Kim A Anderson %B 43rd SETAC North America %C Pittsburg, PA %8 11/2022 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2021 %T Current Approaches to Characterizing Chemical Mixtures %A Briana N Rivera %A Diana Rohlman %A Kim A Anderson %A Susan C Tilton %B Northwest Toxics Community Coalition %8 4/2021 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2020 %T A Comparative Approach to Evaluating Bioactivity of Representative Mixtures %A Briana N Rivera %A Christine C Ghetu %A Kim A Anderson %A Susan C Tilton %B Protecting Our Water Future for Human and Environmental Health %8 01/2020 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2020 %T A Comparative Approach to Evaluating Bioactivity of Representative Mixtures %A Briana N Rivera %A Christine C Ghetu %A Kim A Anderson %A Susan C Tilton %B Protecting Our Water Future for Human and Environmental Health %8 01/2020 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2020 %T A Comprehensive Comparison of Indoor vs Outdoor Air Quality Across the United States %A Briana N Rivera %A Christine C Ghetu %A Diana Rohlman %A Kaley A Adams %A Kim A Anderson %B International Society of Exposure Science %8 09/2020 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2020 %T A Comprehensive Comparison of Indoor vs Outdoor Air Quality Across the United States %A Briana N Rivera %A Christine C Ghetu %A Diana Rohlman %A Kaley A Adams %A Kim A Anderson %B Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry %8 11/2020 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Int J Environ Res Public Health %D 2019 %T A Case Study Describing a Community-Engaged Approach for Evaluating Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure in a Native American Community. %A Diana Rohlman %A Jamie Donatuto %A Heidt, Myk %A Michael L Barton %A Campbell, Larry %A Kim A Anderson %A Molly Kile %K Air Pollutants %K Air Pollution, Indoor %K Community Participation %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Environmental Monitoring %K Female %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Male %K Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons %K Seasons %X

In 2015, the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community (SITC) was impacted by an air toxic release from one of two nearby oil refineries. This experience motivated SITC members to learn more about their exposure to air toxics. On the invitation of SITC, this community-based study measured personal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and conducted interviews with the volunteers to evaluate perceptions of the data and experience of participating. Non-smoking SITC members were recruited in March 2016 ( = 10) and January 2017 ( = 22) with seven volunteers participating both times. Volunteers wore a wristband passive sampler for 7 days and completed daily activity diaries. Wristbands were analyzed for 62 PAHs using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Wilcoxon exact tests determined if the sum total PAHs (ΣPAH) differed by activity, proximity to the refineries, and time. Aggregated results were shared during community meetings, and volunteers received individual reports. Volunteers ( = 9) participated in individual interviews. All volunteers were exposed to different amounts and types of PAHs. Burning candles or using a wood stove and/or propane heating were associated with higher ΣPAH exposures. While ΣPAH was similar in both sampling periods, the composition of PAHs differed. More priority listed PAHs were detected in January ( = 17) versus March ( = 10). Among volunteers who participated in both sampling events, exposure to four PAHs significantly differed between seasons. Overall, volunteers reported that the study made them more aware of air pollution sources in their community. They also commented that the chemical nomenclature was difficult to understand, but appreciated the individual reports that allowed them to visually compare their data to the distribution of data collected in their community. For volunteers with lower exposures, these comparisons gave them relief. However, volunteers with higher exposures reported concern and several changed their behaviors to reduce their exposure to known PAH sources. This study provided an opportunity for SITC members to learn about their personal exposure to a class of air toxics within the context of their community. While the limitations of the study hindered the ability to identify sources of air toxics in the community, this activity appeared to raise awareness about ambient and indoor air pollution among the volunteers.

%B Int J Environ Res Public Health %V 16 %8 2019 01 24 %G eng %N 3 %R 10.3390/ijerph16030327 %0 Journal Article %J Environ Health Perspect %D 2019 %T Constituents of Household Air Pollution and Risk of Lung Cancer among Never-Smoking Women in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China. %A Vermeulen, Roel %A Downward, George S %A Zhang, Jinming %A Hu, Wei %A Portengen, Lützen %A Bassig, Bryan A %A Hammond, S Katharine %A Wong, Jason Y Y %A Li, Jihua %A Reiss, Boris %A He, Jun %A Tian, Linwei %A Yang, Kaiyun %A Seow, Wei Jie %A Xu, Jun %A Kim A Anderson %A Ji, Bu-Tian %A Silverman, Debra %A Chanock, Stephen %A Huang, Yunchao %A Rothman, Nathaniel %A Lan, Qing %X

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer rates among never-smoking women in Xuanwei and Fuyuan in China are among the highest in the world and have been attributed to the domestic use of smoky (bituminous) coal for heating and cooking. However, the key components of coal that drive lung cancer risk have not been identified.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the relationship between lifelong exposure to the constituents of smoky coal (and other fuel types) and lung cancer.

METHODS: Using a population-based case-control study of lung cancer among 1,015 never-smoking female cases and 485 controls, we examined the association between exposure to 43 household air pollutants and lung cancer. Pollutant predictions were derived from a comprehensive exposure assessment study, which included methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which have never been directly evaluated in an epidemiological study of any cancer. Hierarchical clustering and penalized regression were applied in order to address high colinearity in exposure variables.

RESULTS: The strongest association with lung cancer was for a cluster of 25 PAHs [odds ratio (OR): 2.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.67, 2.87 per 1 standard deviation (SD) change], within which 5-methylchrysene (5-MC), a mutagenic and carcinogenic PAH, had the highest individual observed OR (5.42; 95% CI: 0.94, 27.5). A positive association with nitrogen dioxide ([Formula: see text]) was also observed (OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.19, 3.49). By contrast, neither benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) nor fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) were associated with lung cancer in the multipollutant models.

CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively evaluate the association between lung cancer and household air pollution (HAP) constituents estimated over the entire life course. Given the global ubiquity of coal use domestically for indoor cooking and heating and commercially for electric power generation, our study suggests that more extensive monitoring of coal combustion products, including methylated PAHs, may be warranted to more accurately assess health risks and develop prevention strategies from this exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4913.

%B Environ Health Perspect %V 127 %P 97001 %8 2019 Sep %G eng %N 9 %R 10.1289/EHP4913 %0 Journal Article %J Arch Toxicol %D 2018 %T Comparative developmental toxicity of a comprehensive suite of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. %A Mitra Geier %A Chlebowski, Anna C %A Truong, Lisa %A Staci M Simonich %A Kim A Anderson %A Robyn L Tanguay %K Animals %K Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 %K Embryo, Nonmammalian %K Larva %K Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons %K Toxicity Tests %K Zebrafish %X

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that occur in complex mixtures. Several PAHs are known or suspected mutagens and/or carcinogens, but developmental toxicity data is lacking for PAHs, particularly their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives. Such data are necessary to understand and predict the toxicity of environmental mixtures. 123 PAHs were assessed for morphological and neurobehavioral effects for a range of concentrations between 0.1 and 50 µM, using a high throughput early-life stage zebrafish assay, including 33 parent, 22 nitrated, 17 oxygenated, 19 hydroxylated, 14 methylated, 16 heterocyclic, and 2 aminated PAHs. Additionally, each PAH was evaluated for AHR activation, by assessing CYP1A protein expression using whole animal immunohistochemistry (IHC). Responses to PAHs varied in a structurally dependent manner. High-molecular weight PAHs were significantly more developmentally toxic than the low-molecular weight PAHs, and CYP1A expression was detected in five distinct tissues, including vasculature, liver, skin, neuromasts and yolk.

%B Arch Toxicol %V 92 %P 571-586 %8 2018 Feb %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1007/s00204-017-2068-9 %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2018 %T Comparing chemical exposures across diverse communities using silicone wristbands %A Holly Dixon %A Alan J Bergmann %A Mary L Halbleib %A Erin N Haynes %A Julie Herbstman %A Peter D Hoffman %A Paul C Jepson %A Molly Kile %A Laurel D Kincl %A Paul J Laurienti %A Paula E North %A LB Paulik %A Points, Gary L %A Carolyn M Poutasse %A Diana Rohlman %A Richard P Scott %A Smith BW %A Lane G Tidwell %A Katrina M Waters %A Kim A Anderson %B 3rd Tribal Environmental Health Summit, Corvallis, OR %C Corvallis, Oregon %8 06/2018 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2018 %T Comparing chemical exposures across diverse communities using silicone wristbands %A Holly Dixon %A Carey E Donald %A Alan J Bergmann %A Points, Gary L %A Richard P Scott %A Brian W Smith %A Kim A Anderson %B Gordon Research Conference on Environmental Sciences: Water, Holderness, NH %C Holderness, New Hampshire %8 06/2018 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2018 %T Comparing Chemical Exposures Across Diverse Communities Using Silicone Wristbands %A Holly Dixon %A Bergmann AJ %A Mary L Halbleib %A Erin N Haynes %A Julie Herbstman %A Peter D Hoffman %A Paul C Jepson %A Molly Kile %A Laurel D Kincl %A Paul J Laurienti %A Paula E North %A LB Paulik %A Points, Gary L %A Carolyn M Poutasse %A Diana Rohlman %A Richard P Scott %A Brian W Smith %A Lane G Tidwell %A Katrina M Waters %A Kim A Anderson %B Total Exposure Health Conference, Bethesda, MD %8 09/2018 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Chemical Mixtures and Combined Chemical and Nonchemical Stressors Exposure, Toxicity, Analysis, and Risk %D 2018 %T Considerations for measuring exposure to chemical mixtures %A LB Paulik %A Kim A Anderson %B Chemical Mixtures and Combined Chemical and Nonchemical Stressors Exposure, Toxicity, Analysis, and Risk %7 Rider and Simmons %I Springer %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2017 %T Comparing chemical exposures across diverse communities using silicone wristbands %A Holly Dixon %A Carey E Donald %A Alan J Bergmann %A Points, Gary L %A Richard P Scott %A Brian W Smith %A Kim A Anderson %B 27th International Society of Exposure Science Annual Meeting. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina %8 10/2017 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2017 %T Comparing chemical exposures across diverse communities using silicone wristbands %A Holly Dixon %A Carey E Donald %A Alan J Bergmann %A Points, Gary L %A Richard P Scott %A Brian W Smith %A Kim A Anderson %B 27th International Society of Exposure Science Annual Meeting. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. %8 10/2017 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Environ Health %D 2017 %T Cross-sectional study of social behaviors in preschool children and exposure to flame retardants. %A Shannon T Lipscomb %A Megan McClelland %A MacDonald, Megan %A Cardenas, Andres %A Kim A Anderson %A Molly Kile %K Child, Preschool %K Environmental Exposure %K Environmental Pollutants %K Female %K Flame Retardants %K Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers %K Humans %K Male %K Organophosphates %K Social Behavior %X

BACKGROUND: Children are exposed to flame retardants from the built environment. Brominated diphenyl ethers (BDE) and organophosphate-based flame retardants (OPFRs) are associated with poorer neurocognitive functioning in children. Less is known, however, about the association between these classes of compounds and children's emotional and social behaviors. The objective of this study was to determine if flame retardant exposure was associated with measurable differences in social behaviors among children ages 3-5 years.

METHODS: We examined teacher-rated social behaviors measured using the Social Skills Improvement Rating Scale (SSIS) and personal exposure to flame retardants in children aged 3-5 years who attended preschool (n = 72). Silicone passive samplers worn for 7 days were used to assess personal exposure to 41 compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer. These concentrations were then summed into total BDE and total OPFR exposure prior to natural log transformation. Separate generalized additive models were used to evaluate the relationship between seven subscales of the SSIS and lnΣBDE or lnΣOPFR adjusting for other age, sex, adverse social experiences, and family context.

RESULTS: All children were exposed to a mixture of flame retardant compounds. We observed a dose dependent relationship between lnΣOPFR and two subscales where children with higher exposures were rated by their preschool teachers as having less responsible behavior (p = 0.07) and more externalizing behavior problems (p = 0.03). Additionally, children with higher lnΣBDE exposure were rated by teachers as less assertive (p = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONS: We observed a cross-sectional association between children's exposure to flame retardant compounds and teacher-rated social behaviors among preschool-aged children. Children with higher flame retardant exposures exhibited poorer social skills in three domains that play an important role in a child's ability to succeed academically and socially.

%B Environ Health %V 16 %P 23 %8 2017 03 09 %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1186/s12940-017-0224-6 %0 Journal Article %J Environ Sci Technol %D 2016 %T Completing the Link between Exposure Science and Toxicology for Improved Environmental Health Decision Making: The Aggregate Exposure Pathway Framework. %A JG Teeguarden %A Tan, Yu-Mei %A Edwards, Stephen W %A Leonard, Jeremy A %A Kim A Anderson %A Corley, Richard A %A Molly Kile %A Staci M Simonich %A Stone, David %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Katrina M Waters %A Harper, Stacey L %A Williams, David E %X

Driven by major scientific advances in analytical methods, biomonitoring, computation, and a newly articulated vision for a greater impact in public health, the field of exposure science is undergoing a rapid transition from a field of observation to a field of prediction. Deployment of an organizational and predictive framework for exposure science analogous to the "systems approaches" used in the biological sciences is a necessary step in this evolution. Here we propose the aggregate exposure pathway (AEP) concept as the natural and complementary companion in the exposure sciences to the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept in the toxicological sciences. Aggregate exposure pathways offer an intuitive framework to organize exposure data within individual units of prediction common to the field, setting the stage for exposure forecasting. Looking farther ahead, we envision direct linkages between aggregate exposure pathways and adverse outcome pathways, completing the source to outcome continuum for more meaningful integration of exposure assessment and hazard identification. Together, the two frameworks form and inform a decision-making framework with the flexibility for risk-based, hazard-based, or exposure-based decision making.

%B Environ Sci Technol %V 50 %P 4579-86 %8 05/2016 %G eng %N 9 %R 10.1021/acs.est.5b05311 %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2016 %T Confirmation of free fatty acids as toxic components of passive sampling device extracts from Portland Harbor %A Alan J Bergmann %E Robyn L Tanguay %E Kim A Anderson %B EMT Research Day. Corvallis, OR. %C Corvallis, OR. %8 01.22.2016 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2016 %T Confirmation of Free Fatty Acids as Toxic Components of Passive Sampler Extracts from Portland Harbor %A Alan J Bergmann %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B Superfund Research Program External Advisory Council, Oregon State University %8 06/2016 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2015 %T Can passive sediment samplers predict clam contamination? %A LB Paulik %A Jamie Donatuto %A Christine Woodward %A Molly Kile %A Harding, A %A Kim A Anderson %B OSU Superfund Research Program Tribal-University Collaborations' Community Engagement Core Advisory Committee Meeting, Portland, OR %8 04/2015 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2015 %T Chemistry and chemical properties of crude oils and fuel products; chemical fate following a spill; sampling methods during an incident; examples from the BP Deepwater Horizon incident %A Kim A Anderson %B Crude by Rail Workshop. Portland, OR %8 06/2015 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Environ Justice %D 2015 %T A Community-Based Approach to Developing a Mobile Device for Measuring Ambient Air Exposure, Location, and Respiratory Health. %A Diana Rohlman %A Syron, Laura %A Kevin A Hobbie %A Kim A Anderson %A Scaffidi, Christopher %A Sudakin, Daniel %A Katrina M Waters %A Erin N Haynes %A Arkin, Lisa %A Feezel, Paul %A Laurel D Kincl %X

In west Eugene (Oregon), community research indicates residents are disproportionately exposed to industrial air pollution and exhibit increased asthma incidence. In Carroll County (Ohio), recent increases in unconventional natural gas drilling sparked air quality concerns. These community concerns led to the development of a prototype mobile device to measure personal chemical exposure, location, and respiratory function. Working directly with the environmental justice (EJ) communities, the prototype was developed to 1) meet the needs of the community and 2) evaluate the use in EJ communities. The prototype was evaluated in three community focus groups (n = 25) to obtain feedback on the prototype and feasibility study design to evaluate the efficacy of the device to address community concerns. Focus groups were recorded and qualitatively analyzed with discrete feedback tabulated for further refinement. The prototype was improved by community feedback resulting in eight alterations/additions to software and instructional materials. Overall, focus group participants were supportive of the device and believed it would be a useful environmental health tool. The use of focus groups ensured that community members were engaged in the research design and development of a novel environmental health tool. We found that community-based research strategies resulted in a refined device as well as relevant research questions, specific to the EJ community needs and concerns.

%B Environ Justice %V 8 %P 126-134 %8 2015 Aug 01 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1089/env.2015.0001 %0 Generic %D 2015 %T Contribution of PAHs to the teratogenicity of bioavailable Superfund mixtures %A Alan J Bergmann %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B SETAC North America 36th Annual Meeting. Salt Lake City, Utah %8 11/2015 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2015 %T Contribution of PAHs to the teratogenicity of bioavailable superfund mixtures %A Alan J Bergmann %E Robyn L Tanguay %E Kim A Anderson %B Oregon State University Superfund Research Program's Environmental Health Science Trainee Colloquium %8 10/2015 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2015 %T Contribution of PAHs to the teratogenicity of bioavailable superfund mixtures %A Alan J Bergmann %E Robyn L Tanguay %E Kim A Anderson %B FSES External Advisory Committee Meeting %8 10/2015 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2014 %T A Community-Based Approach to Environmental Health: Developing Novel Technologies to Evaluate Air Quality and Respiratory Health %A Diana Rohlman %A Kim A Anderson %A Arkin, L %A Laurel D Kincl %B Oregon Public Health Association Conference. Corvallis, OR %8 10/2014 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2014 %T A Community-based EHSC Pilot Project: Using focus group methodology to improve the mobile exposure device %A Diana Rohlman %A Arkin, L %A Kim A Anderson %A Laurel D Kincl %B Environmental Health Sciences Center Poster Session. Corvallis, OR %8 01/2014 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2014 %T Community-based EHSC Pilot Projects: Utilizing interdisciplinary approaches and community involvement to address environmental health concerns %A Diana Rohlman %A Laurel D Kincl %A Molly Kile %A Kim A Anderson %B Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Research Day. Corvallis, OR %8 01/2014 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2014 %T A Community-Based, Inter-University Collaboration: Using Focus Group Methodology within Environmental Justice Communities to Design and Test a Mobile Exposure Device %A Diana Rohlman %A Laurel D Kincl %A Kim A Anderson %A Erin N Haynes %A Elam, S. %B EHS Center Meeting. Los Angeles, CA %8 04/2014 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2014 %T Component-based analysis of OPAH interaction effects in zebrafish %A Carey E Donald %A Sarah E Allan %A Steven G O'Connell %A Brian W Smith %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B SETAC North America 35th Annual Meeting %8 11/2014 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2014 %T Correlating OPAH concentrations with zebrafish toxicity of Deepwater Horizon samples: a bottom-up approach %A Carey E Donald %A Steven G O'Connell %A Sarah E Allan %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B EMT Research Day, Corvallis, OR %8 01/2014 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Characterization of the relationship between concentrations of previously unregulated PAHs in aquatic organisms and lipid-free tubing passive sampling devices %A LB Paulik %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, Corvallis, OR %8 09/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Characterization of the relationship between concentrations of previously unregulated PAHs in aquatic organisms and lipid-free tubing passive sampling devices %A LB Paulik %A Norman D Forsberg %A Glenn R Wilson %A Kim A Anderson %B FSES External Advisory Council Meeting, Corvallis, OR %8 06/2013 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Toxicol Appl Pharmacol %D 2013 %T Comparative developmental toxicity of environmentally relevant oxygenated PAHs. %A Knecht, Andrea L %A Goodale, Britton C %A Truong, Lisa %A Simonich, Michael T %A Swanson, Annika J %A Matzke, Melissa M %A Kim A Anderson %A Katrina M Waters %A Robyn L Tanguay %K Abnormalities, Drug-Induced %K Animals %K Biological Markers %K Embryo, Nonmammalian %K Environmental Pollutants %K Extracellular Space %K Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental %K Immunohistochemistry %K Mitochondria %K Oxidation-Reduction %K Oxidative Stress %K Oxygen Consumption %K Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic %K Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction %K RNA %K Teratogens %K Zebrafish %X

Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) are byproducts of combustion and photo-oxidation of parent PAHs. OPAHs are widely present in the environment and pose an unknown hazard to human health. The developing zebrafish was used to evaluate a structurally diverse set of 38 OPAHs for malformation induction, gene expression changes and mitochondrial function. Zebrafish embryos were exposed from 6 to 120h post fertilization (hpf) to a dilution series of 38 different OPAHs and evaluated for 22 developmental endpoints. AHR activation was determined via CYP1A immunohistochemistry. Phenanthrenequinone (9,10-PHEQ), 1,9-benz-10-anthrone (BEZO), xanthone (XAN), benz(a)anthracene-7,12-dione (7,12-B[a]AQ), and 9,10-anthraquinone (9,10-ANTQ) were evaluated for transcriptional responses at 48hpf, prior to the onset of malformations. qRT-PCR was conducted for a number of oxidative stress genes, including the glutathione transferase(gst), glutathione peroxidase(gpx), and superoxide dismutase(sod) families. Bioenergetics was assayed to measure in vivo oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in 26hpf embryos exposed to OPAHs. Hierarchical clustering of the structure-activity outcomes indicated that the most toxic of the OPAHs contained adjacent diones on 6-carbon moieties or terminal, para-diones on multi-ring structures. 5-carbon moieties with adjacent diones were among the least toxic OPAHs while the toxicity of multi-ring structures with more centralized para-diones varied considerably. 9,10-PHEQ, BEZO, 7,12-B[a]AQ, and XAN exposures increased expression of several oxidative stress related genes and decreased oxygen consumption rate (OCR), a measurement of mitochondrial respiration. Comprehensive in vivo characterization of 38 structurally diverse OPAHs indicated differential AHR dependency and a prominent role for oxidative stress in the toxicity mechanisms.

%B Toxicol Appl Pharmacol %V 271 %P 266-75 %8 11/2013 %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23684558?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.006 %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Correlating OPAH concentrations with embryonic zebrafish toxicity of Gulf of Mexico samples around the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: a bottom-up approach. %A Carey E Donald %A Steven G O'Connell %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B FSES Advisory Council Meeting %8 06/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Correlating OPAH concentrations with zebrafish toxicity of Deepwater Horizon samples: a bottom-up approach %A Carey E Donald %A Steven G O'Connell %A Sarah E Allan %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B SETAC North America National Meeting, Nashville, TN %8 11/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Correlating OPAH concentrations with zebrafish toxicity of Gulf of Mexico samples around the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: a bottom-up approach %A Carey E Donald %A Steven G O'Connell %A Sarah E Allan %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B FSES Advisory Council, Corvallis, OR %8 06/2013 %G eng %0 Audiovisual Material %D 2013 %T Correlating OPAH concentrations with zebrafish toxicity of Gulf of Mexico samples around the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: a bottom-up approach %A Carey E Donald %A Steven G O'Connell %A Sarah E Allan %A Robyn L Tanguay %A Kim A Anderson %B International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Corvallis, OR %8 09/2013 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2011 %T A case study in tribal-university collaboration: Air sampling on the Swinomish Reservation %A Kim A Anderson %B Invited Workshop Instructor, National Association of Remedial Project Managers, EPA/NIEHS %8 2011 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2010 %T Can consumers trust salmon production method labels through the use of chemical profiling? %A Kevin A Hobbie %A Brian W Smith %A Kim A Anderson %B platform presentation, ACS Spring Conference %8 2010 %G eng %0 Generic %D 2010 %T A Case Study in Tribal-University Collaboration: Air Sampling on the Swinomish Reservation %A Kim A Anderson %B invited speaker, Superfund Research Program Annual Meeting %8 2010 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J J Agric Food Chem %D 2010 %T Chemical profiling with modeling differentiates wild and farm-raised salmon. %A Kim A Anderson %A Kevin A Hobbie %A Brian W Smith %K Animals %K Fisheries %K Models, Biological %K Principal Component Analysis %K Salmon %K Seafood %K Trace Elements %X

Classifications of fish production methods, wild or farm-raised salmon, by elemental profiles or C and N stable isotope ratios combined with various modeling approaches were determined. Elemental analysis (As, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, and Zn) of wild and farm-raised salmon samples was performed using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Isotopic and compositional analyses of carbon and nitrogen were performed using mass spectrometry as an alternative fingerprinting technique. Each salmon (king salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ; coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch ; Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar ) was analyzed from two food production practices, wild and farm raised. Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) were used for data exploration and visualization. Five classification modeling approaches were investigated: linear discriminate function, quadratic discriminant function, neural network, probabilistic neural network, and neural network bagging. Methods for evaluating model reliability included four strategies: resubstitution, cross-validation, and two very different test set scenarios. Generally speaking, the models performed well, with the percentage of samples classified correctly depending on the particular choice of model and evaluation method used.

%B J Agric Food Chem %V 58 %P 11768-74 %8 11/2010 %G eng %N 22 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20973481?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1021/jf102046b %0 Journal Article %J J Agric Food Chem %D 2005 %T Chemical Profiling to Differentiate Geographic Origin of Pistachios %A Kim A Anderson %A Brian W Smith %K Analysis of Variance %K California %K Iran %K Metals %K Pistacia %K Spectrophotometry, Atomic %K Turkey %X

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of chemical profiling methods combined with multivariate methods to differentiate the geographical growing regions of pistachios (Pistachia vera). Elemental analysis (Ba, Be, Ca, Cu, Cr, K, Mg, Mn, Na, V, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ti, Cd, and P) of pistachios samples was performed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Analysis of inorganic anions and organic acids (selenite, bromate, fumarate, malate, selenate, pyruvate, acetate, phosphate, and ascorbate) of pistachio samples was performed using capillary electrophoresis. Bulk carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were performed using stable isotope MS. There were nearly 400 pistachio samples analyzed from the three major pistachio growing regions: Turkey, Iran, and California (United States). A computational evaluation of the trace element data sets was carried out using statistical pattern recognition methods including principal component analysis, canonical discriminant analysis, discriminant analysis, and neural network modeling. Several linear discriminant function models classified the data sets with 95% or higher accuracy. We report the development of a method combining elemental analysis and classification techniques that may be widely applied to the determination of the geographical origin of foods.

%B J Agric Food Chem %V 53 %P 410-8 %8 01/2005 %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15656681?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1021/jf048907u %0 Generic %D 2002 %T Chemical Bioavailability in Eco-systesm: Case Study of Contaminants In Portland Harbor %A D Sethajintanin %A Johnson, Eugene R %A Loper, Bobby R %A Brian W Smith %A Kim A Anderson %B PNW SETAC Regional Mtg, Portland, OR %8 05/2002 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J J Agric Food Chem %D 2002 %T Chemical marker for ALS-inhibitor herbicides: 2-aminobutyric acid proportional in sub-lethal applications. %A Loper, Bobby R %A Cobb, William T %A Kim A Anderson %K Acetolactate Synthase %K Aminobutyric Acids %K Autoanalysis %K Chromatography, Liquid %K Enzyme Inhibitors %K Herbicides %K Kinetics %K o-Phthalaldehyde %K Solanum tuberosum %K Trichloroacetic Acid %X

A chemical profiling technique for sub-lethal acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitor herbicides (e.g., sulfonylureas, imidazolines, triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilides, and pyrimidyloxy salicylic) was developed using 2-aminobutyric acid, and was found to be directly proportional to application rates in field studies on two varieties of potato plants. An uncomplicated, benign-by-design analytical method for the determination of 2-aminobutyric acid in plant tissue was developed. The method is simple, fast, and automated, entailing a water-trichloroacetic acid extraction followed by precolumn on-line derivatization using o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) solution and liquid chromatographic analyses. Use of reagents and chlorinated organic solvents, and generation of waste, are minimized as compared to other ALS-inhibitor herbicide analytical techniques. Recoveries for a series of fortified plant tissues ranged from 82 to 103%. Two 20-day field trials on two potato varieties, Russet Burbank and Shepody, were conducted during the 2000 and 2001 growing seasons. The study demonstrated that the 2-aminobutyric acid method is an excellent, selective chemical marker technique for ALS-inhibitor herbicides for real world plant matrixes.

%B J Agric Food Chem %V 50 %P 2601-6 %8 2002 Apr 24 %G eng %N 9 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11958629?dopt=Abstract %0 Journal Article %J J Agric Food Chem %D 2002 %T Chemical Profiling to Differentiating Geographic Growing Origin of Coffee %A Kim A Anderson %A Brian W Smith %K Africa, Eastern %K Central America %K Coffee %K Discriminant Analysis %K Elements %K Indonesia %K Neural Networks (Computer) %K South America %K Spectrum Analysis %X

The objective of this research was to demonstrate the feasibility of this method to differentiate the geographical growing regions of coffee beans. Elemental analysis (K, Mg, Ca, Na, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, S, Cd, Pb, and P) of coffee bean samples was performed using ICPAES. There were 160 coffee samples analyzed from the three major coffee-growing regions: Indonesia, East Africa, and Central/South America. A computational evaluation of the data sets was carried out using statistical pattern recognition methods including principal component analysis, discriminant function analysis, and neural network modeling. This paper reports the development of a method combining elemental analysis and classification techniques that may be widely applied to the determination of the geographical origin of foods.

%B J Agric Food Chem %V 50 %P 2068-75 %8 03/2002 %G eng %N 7 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11902958?dopt=Abstract %0 Newspaper Article %B The Toronto Star %D 2002 %T Chemist brews up test to foil coffee rip-offs %A P. Calamai %E Brian W Smith %E Kim A Anderson %B The Toronto Star %8 March 13, 2002 %G eng